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Site Index (
somewhat out of date - try the above Google Site Search first):
A B C D E F G Halos H I J K L M N O P R S T V W

A     

Aircraft - Sky phenomena from
   Anti-crepuscular rays
   Antisolar halos
   Flattened sun and moon
   Glory
   Lower tangent arc
   Opposition effect
   Subhorizon halos
   Subparhelia
   Subsun
      Lower sun pillars and subsun
Ammonia crystal halos

 
Angles in the sky - estimating them
Anthelion ~ South Pole display
Anti-crepuscular rays
Antisolar point
   Centre of glory
   Centre of heiligenschein
   Centre of opposition effect
   Convergence point of sunrays
Arcs below horizon
Arctic fogbows
Artificial light pillars
Atmospheric refraction

   

B     

Bishop's ring
Bending of light rays
   Atmospheric refraction
   Mirages of sunsets


 
Books - sky phenomena
Brocken Spectre

C     

Carbon dioxide crystal halos

Circumscribed halos
Circumzenithal arc
Cirrus cloud
Cloud bow = fogbow
Clouds
  Colours - iridescence
  Shadows
  Sizes of droplets in
  Water content of
Coloured rings around
   Antisolar point opposite sun 
   Sun and moon
      Corona 
      22º halo 

 
Coloured rings around ~ continued
   Shadows
      Brocken Spectre 
      Glory 
      Heiligenschein
      Opposition Effect
Colours at sunset
Contact arcs to 22º halo
Contrail shadows
Corona
Crepuscular rays
Crystals ~ Ice
   Alignment in clouds
   Diamond dust
   Plates & columns
   Sizes needed to make halos
  

D     

Dew - Heigenschein
Diamond dust
   Crystals
Diffraction
   By water droplets
   Corona formation
   Glory formation

 
Distorted sunsets
Dogs - sundogs
Double sunsets
Dust - scattering by
E     
Earth's Shadow
Etruscan vase sunset


 
Eye safety
   Looking at halos
   Looking at coronas

F     

False suns = sundogs
Fata Morgana
Fisheye lens
   Door viewer substitute
   Mirror substitute
Fog - sizes of droplets in

 
Fogbows
   From car headlights
   Supernumerary arcs
   Rainbows ~ relation to
Flattened sun
Flattened moon

G     

Green flash
Glory
   Formation
   From the air ~ video
   On mountains


 
Glows around shadows
   Glory
   Heiligenschein
   Opposition effect

H     

Halos

   120º parhelia
   22º halo 
      Around the Moon
      Colours
      Formation & ray paths
      How the circle is formed
      Random orientations?
   46º halo
      Was it a supralateral arc?
   9º halo
   Aligned crystals
   Ammonia crystal halos
   Anthelic arcs
   Anthelion ~ rare
   Anthelion ~ South Pole display
   Antisolar arc
   Antisolar region arcs
   Carbon dioxide crystal halos
   Circumhorizon arc
   Circumscribed halo
   Circumzenithal arc
   Common halos
   Complex halo displays
   Crystals
      Alignment in clouds
      Cubic symmetry
      Diamond dust
      Plates & columns
      Pyramidal -  Halos from
      Real crystals and defects
      Sizes needed to make halos
   Diffuse arcs South Pole ~ from the air
   Eye care!
   Frequency of occurence
      Visible more often than rainbows
   Frequent halos
   HaloSim software
   Hastings arc ~ rare
   Heliac arc ~ rare
   Ice crystals
   Infralateral arc
   Kern arc
   Light pillars
   Lowitz arcs
   Lunar halos
      22º circular
      Circumscribed Halo
      Moon dogs
      Paraselenae
      Paraselenic Circle



Heiligenschein
Hexagonal ice crystals
Hole in the sky

 
Halos
(continued)
   Multiple displays
   Observing halos
      Eye care!
   Odd radius halos
   Other world halos
   Parhelia
   Parhelic circle
      Lunar
      Many ray paths
   Parry arcs
      Discovery by Parry
      Effect of solar altitude
      Parry antisolar arc
      Parry infralateral arcs ~ rare
          At South Pole
      Parry supralateral arcs ~ rare
          At South Pole
      Sunvex & Suncave
   Photography
   Pillars
   Plate crystals
   Prisms
   Pyramidal crystals
   Pyramidal crystal arcs
   Rare halos
      Why are some halos rare?
   St Petersburg display
   Safety!
   Simulation of
   Subanthelic arcs
   Subhelic arc ~ rare
      Drawn by Parry in 1820
   Subhorizon arcs
   Subparhelic circle
   Subsun
   Subsun dogs
   Sundogs
      Changes in appearance
      Elongated
      Sometimes blindingly bright
   Sun pillars
   Supralateral arc
   Tape arcs
   Tangent arcs
   Tricker arc ~ rare
   Real ice crystals - photographs
   Upside down rainbow
   Wegener arc ~ rare






I     

Ice crystals

   Sizes to produce halos
Interference
Inversion - causing distorted sunsets

 
Iridescence
Iridescent clouds
IRIS software
Irisation
J     
Jupiter - halos on?


   
K     
Kern arc

   

L     

Lenticular clouds

Light pillars
Light scattering
   By water droplets
   Rayleigh
   Mie


 


Links to other sites

Lowitz arcs
Lunar fogbow
Lunar halos
   22º circular
   Moon dogs


M     

Mars
   Abnormal brightness
   Halos on?
   Opposition effect
Mie scattering
   Sunsets
   Water droplets
   Watery sunsets
Minimum deviation phenomena
   22º halo animation
   Fogbow
   Rainbow
   Sundogs
Mirages
   OPOD mirage pages
   Terrestrial, Inferior, Superior, Fata Morgana...
   Sunset and sunrise mirages

 
Mist
  Sizes of droplets in
Mist bow = fogbow
Mock suns
Moon
   22º halo
   Colour during total eclipse
   Crepuscular rays
   Dogs = Paraselenae
   Fogbow
   Moonrise from Earth orbit
   Moonset from ISS
   Why is the full moon so bright?
Mother of pearl clouds
Mountain shadows
N     
Nacreous clouds


   
O     
Opposition effect

Opposition effect on Mars
Opposition effect streak

 
Orientation of ice crystals

P     

Paranthelia = 120º parhelia
Paraselene
Parhelia
   22º
   120º
Parhelic circle
Parry arcs
Parry arcs - discovery of
Perspective effects - crepuscular rays  
 
Photographing halos
Pileus cloud iridescence
Pillars
Pilot's Bow = glory or complete rainbow
Plate crystals
Polar Stratospheric Clouds
Prisms
PSCs
Pyramidal ice crystals
   

R     


Rainbows

   AirySim
   Airy theory
   Alexander's dark band
   Bowsim
   Cloud bows
   Colour purity
   Cone of rays
   Dew Bows
   Glass bead bows
   Higher order bows
   Key to section
   Moon bows
   Not rainbows!
   Raindrop shapes
   Raindrop sizes
   Raypaths for rainbows
      Primary
      Secondary
      higher orders
   Red bows
   Reflection bows
   Seawater bows
   Secondary bow
   Spider web bow
   Spokes
   Supernumerary bows
      Colours
      Drop size
      On secondary bow

 
   Traffic sign bows
   Twinned bows
   Wave theory - need for
   Wheel
   Zero order glow

Rainbow-like arcs
   22º halo
   Circumzenithal arc
   Corona
   Glory
   Upside down rainbow

Rayleigh scattering - sunset colours


Rays
   Crepuscular
   Anticrepuscular
   Rays of Buddha

Real ice crystals - photographs
Refraction
   Atmospheric
   Water drop - fogbow, heiligenschein
Rings around sun or moon
   22º halo
   Circumscribed halo
   Corona
   Odd radius halos
Ropes of Maui = crepuscular rays

S     

Safety
   Looking at halos
   Looking at coronas
   Photography
Saturn - halos on?
Scattering
   Air
   Clouds
   Light
   Mie
   Rayleigh
   Water droplets
Shadows
   Brocken spectre   
   Clouds
   Mist
   Rocket plumes
   Contrails
   Shadow hiding

 
Shadows ~continued
   Glows around
      Glory
      Heiligenschein
      Opposition effect
Sky colours
Spectre of the Brocken
Subanthelic point = antisolar point
   Halos around
Subparhelic circle
Sun pillars
Sun beams = crepuscular rays
Sun drawing water = crepuscular rays
Sundogs
   Changes in appearance
   Not always 22° from the sun
   Sometimes blindingly bright
Sunsets
Supernumerary arcs - fogbow
Surface waves
T     
Tangent arcs


 
Temperature inversion - at sunset
V     
Venus pillar

 
Volcanic eruptions - sunsets
W     
Water droplets in clouds and fog


 
Watery sunsets
White rainbow = fogbow
       
A B C D E F G Halos H I J K L M N O P R S T V W











  
'The time has come,' the Walrus said,    'To talk of many things:
      Of shoes—and ships—and sealing wax— Of cabbages—and kings—
            And why the sea is boiling hot— And whether pigs have wings.’
    Alice