At left a ray tracing simulation using only plate crystals. Wobbly plates to produce the tall sundogs and pillar, better oriented plates for a defined parhelic circle through the sun.
There are other possibilities. If it is a diamond dust display, it could be brightest towards the horizon where the path length through a shallow layer of crystals is greatest. Some at least of the tall 'sundogs' could then be segments of a 22° halo. The pillar itself might be from column crystals.
There is not sufficient data. But why make too much analysis - a beautiful and achingly desolate scene is enough.
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